buy custom Government Agencies essay

buy custom Government Agencies essay Government agency is an agent of authority created and given the mandate to deal with specific issues that affects the citizens of a state or of an organization or even people working in a particular industry. Usually, they are established by the constitution. The agencies have a laid down constitution, which they use in the execution of powers of an organization. They can be said to be part of the executive arm of the government. Their duties are prescribed by the laws that founded it. In this context, I will critically analyze the Joint Commission on the Accreditation of Health care Organizations (JACAHO), also referred to as the Joint commission. The TJC accredits over nineteen thousand health care organizations in the United States bearing a key role in the inspection and licensure. The joint commission (TJC) that is a non-profit based organization mandated by the government of the United States to monitor the activities of healthcare industry. In this paper in-depth information about the relationship of the TJC and the health care industry will be analyzed. JACAHO is a non-profit organization based in the United States of America. It has over the years been recognized as a condition for inspection, licensing and the receipt for reimbursement of medical aids in the United States. The main mission of the organization is to endlessly improve the health care of public in unison with viable stakeholders by evaluating the health care organizations and motivating them to surpass in providing safe and effective care of the highest quality and value (Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations, 1997). The organization was renamed JACAHO from the former Joint Commission on Accreditation of Hospitals in the year 1987. This change of name was part of the effort to simplify the name for ease of remembering. In the year 2007, the name was changed again to The Joint Commission. The logo and the label were also changed to Helping Health Care Organizations Help Patients. The Joint Commission International is an affiliate of the Joint Commission and it has achieved various international accreditations by extending the core mission of the TJC. The TJC headquarters are based in Oakbrook Terrace, Illinois (Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations1993). The joint commission has a very broad scope review incorporating home care agencies, nursing homes, hospitals, medical equipment providers, rehabilitatin facilities, surgical centers, medical laboratories and so on. TJC is mainly involved with the accreditations of these organizations in the health industry through formalized surveys that are bench marked by an accreditation rate of over 90%. The joint commission is also involved in the Patient Safety Goals (PSG) to promote specific improvements in patient safety with the goal of highlighting areas of health concern and finding a solution to the problems identified. Some of the key issues of concern include reducing hospital infections, reduction on the pressure of ulcers, proper patient identification, and improvement of the hospital staff communication, avoidance of acronyms and symbols that lead to misinterpretation and the prevention of falls. Another key focus of TJC since 1996 has been identification of sentinel events and trying to study the main cause of the events (Joint Commission, 2007). These are classified as an unexpected occurrence involving serious physical or psychological injury/risk or result to death. Any health care facility that is experiencing the sentinel issue is expected to do an intensive root cause analysis to make adjustments to the underlying processes, and check on the effectiveness of the planned changes. Though in numerous occasions the sentinel events are as a result of human error, a change in the system of the industry or organization is most likely to reduce human errors in the future thus protecting patients from threats in the instance of occurrence of human error. Annual publications by the joint commission have adequately shown its success in the reduction of sentinel event and risks such as wrong site surgery, medication errors and the abduction of patients. Since early 2003, The Joint Commission took the stand to strengthen its operations and effectiveness in the health industry. Following this stand, the responsibilities on the commission were stipulated in different levels. The primary responsibility has been to establish a warm and conducive working environment within the health care structures. This was possible through the out write of rules that were to govern a peaceful working atmosphere mainly within the hospitals. In addition, the joint commission bares the daily responsibilities of an effort to educate hospital staffs at an organizational level and emphasis on the importance of regular monitoring of compliance with the standard set policies for effective services and with the aim of reducing sentinel events due to human errors. It is also the responsibility of the TJC to ensure health care industries are working within the set government regulations in the context of valid licenses and ethical hospital regulation, especially in matters pertaining to workers-patients relationships. Each health professional is supposed to work within his/her abilities based on qualifications. The joint commission is also mandated to prevent improper exchange of facility-specific information. It checks that communication within the health care industry is disseminated following the right protocol and that the flow of information follows the correct channels within the organization and between organizations. Only specific information should be shared by different organization within the health industry and this information should have consent from both organizations. Its therefore a responsibility of the TJC to check both the communication channels and the flow of information to prevent conflicts. Initiatives mandated by the joint commission such as the management of pain in hospitalized patients brought about a number of changes in the pre-operative services in hospitals with recommendations of appropriate use of standard anesthesia to ease patients from pain. Recently, there has been a noted improvement in most of the hospitals under The Joint Commission. Other initiatives of the joint commission that have had a noted effect in the health care industry include the treatment of nausea and vomiting and care in gynecological, urology and neurosurgical surgeries. The continued campaign by The Joint Commission to bring together the accredited health care organizations have generated an avenue for referrals that have improved the overall performance in the health care industry in the aim of improving the general health of the people. The education, regular seminars to staffs and even monitoring of the healthcare industry by the agents of The Joint Commission have also had a positive effect on the health care industry through improvement of quality of operations. In conclusion, TJC plays an important duty in ensuring a proper health care system. It has been providing health care facilities through conducting survey, ensuring standards and proving consulting services and thus, improving the safety and quality of care. Therefore, all health care professionals should recognize TJC as a tool, which delivers better health care and follow its directives. Buy custom Government Agencies essay

Mayahuel - The Aztec Goddess of Maguey

Mayahuel - The Aztec Goddess of Maguey Mayahuel was the Aztec goddess of maguey or agave (Agave americana), a cactus plant native to Mexico, and the goddess of pulque, an alcoholic drink made from agave juices. She is one of several goddesses who protect and support fertility in its different guises.   Key Takeaways: Mayahuel Alternate Names: NoneEquivalents: 11 Serpent (post-classic Mixtec)Epithets: The Woman of 400 BreastsCulture/Country: Aztec, Post-classic MexicoPrimary Sources: Bernadino Sahagun, Diego Duran, several codices, especially the Codex MagliabechianoRealms and Powers: Maguey, pulque, drunkenness, fertility, revitalizationFamily: The Tzitzimime (powerful destructive celestial beings who embodied creative powers), Teteoinan (Mother of the Gods), Toci (Our Grandmother) and the  Centzon Totochtin (400 Rabbits, Mayahuels children) Mayahuel in Aztec Mythology   Mayahuel was one of several Aztec gods and goddesses of fertility, each of whom had specific roles. She was the goddess of maguey, and patron of the 13-day festival (trecena) in the Aztec calendar that starts with 1 Malinalli (grass), a time of excesses and a lack of moderation.   Mayahuel was known as â€Å"the woman of the 400 breasts,† probably a reference to the many sprouts and leaves of maguey and the milky juice produced by the plant and transformed into pulque. The goddess is often depicted with full breasts or breastfeeding, or with many breasts to feed her many children, the Centzon Totochtin or â€Å"the 400 rabbits,† who were the gods associated with the effects of excessive drinking.   Appearance and Reputation In the existing Aztec codices, Mayahuel is depicted as a young woman with multiple breasts, emerging from a maguey plant, holding cups with foaming pulque. In the Codex Borbonicus, she wears blue clothing (the color of fertility), and a headdress of spindles and unspun maguey fiber (ixtle). The spindles symbolize the transformation or revitalization of disorder into order.   The Bilimek Pulque Vessel is a piece of carved dark green phyllite completely covered in complex iconographic signs, and in the collections of the Welt Museum in Vienna, Austria. Made in the early 1500s, the jar has a large head projecting out from the side of the vase that has been interpreted as the day sign Malinalli 1, the first day of Mayahuels festival. On the reverse side, Mayahuel is illustrated as decapitated with two streams of aquamiel squirting out from her breasts and into a pulque pot below.   Other associated images include a stele from the great classic period pyramid of Teotihuacan dated between 500–900 CE which shows scenes from a wedding with guests drinking pulque. A rock painting at the postclassic Aztec site of Ixtapantongo illustrates Mayahuel rising from a maguey plant, holding a gourd in either hand. Her head is crowned with the head of a bird and a feathered head-dress. In front of her is a pulque god and Pantecal, the father of her 400 children.   The Myth of the Invention of Pulque According to the Aztec myth, the god Quezalcoatl decided to provide humans with a special drink to celebrate and feast and gave them pulque. He sent Mayahuel, goddess of maguey, to the earth and then coupled with her. To avoid the rage of her grandmother and her other ferocious relatives the goddesses Tzitzimime, Quetzalcoatl and Mayahuel transformed themselves into a tree, but they were found out and Mayahuel was killed. Quetzalcoatl collected the bones of the goddess and buried them, and in that place grew the first plant of maguey. For this reason, it was thought that the sweet sap, the aguamiel, collected from the plant was the blood of the goddess. A different version of the myth tells that Mayahuel was a mortal woman who discovered how to collect aquamiel (the liquid), and her husband Pantecalt discovered how to make pulque. Sources Garnett, W. The Paintings at Tetitla, Atetelco and Ixtapantongo. Artes de Mà ©xico 3 (1954): 78–80. Print.Kroger, Joseph and Patrizia Granziera. Aztec Goddesses and Christian Madonnas: Images of the Divine Feminine in Mexico. Ashgate Publishing, 2012.Milbrath, Susan. Decapitated Lunar Goddesses in Aztec Art, Myth, and Ritual. Ancient Mesoamerica 8.2 (1997): 185–206. Print.Miller, Mary, and Karl Taube. The Gods and Symbols of Ancient Mexico and the Maya: An Illustrated Dictionary of Mesoamerican Religion. London: Thames Hudson, 1993.Taube, Karl. Las Origines del Pulque. Arqueologia Mexicana 7 (1996) :71. The Bilimek Pulque Vessel: Starlore, Calendrics, and Cosmology of Late Postclassic Central Mexico. Ancient Mesoamerica 4.1 (1993): 1–15.

Evaluate the potential effects of the Recession on Property Management Essay

Evaluate the potential effects of the Recession on Property Management Companies and Estate Agents - Essay Example First if the consumers are confident enough about the future of an economy, they will buy more. So production will increase in order to satisfy the excess demand. If the investors have faith that the trend will prolong, they will be investing more and more in the market leading to an upward rising stock market. All these combinations will lead to an upward spiral causing an expansion of the economy. But any booming economy is destined to fall. If the consumers are not confident enough, they will demand less, leading to a lower production. As the production level falls, the investors will be apprehensive about the market leading to a lower investment and a crash in the market. Compared to other industries/sectors the impact of recession over property management is different. It not only affects the companies or agencies related to this business but also impacts other financial organizations that are associated with it. The real estate economy is a huge part which is integrated with the general business economy. Like all other sectors of the business economy, this sector also gets impacted by the recession. If there is any downturn in the general business economy, people will not invest in the properties and real estates. When people can not purchase house, there will be an increase on the demand for rented houses. The property management companies and the estate agents can help in these cases. The companies related to operation of property have diverse work to do. They range from rent collection to maintenances, payment of taxes to providing utilities and insurances. But property management does not always mean managing of real estate properties. They may also be responsible for managing capitalized assets. Estate agents are people or businesses who are related to selling and providing rents of the homes, lands and buildings. They are mainly related to the

Challenges in implementing a Total Quality Management system in a Thesis Proposal

Challenges in implementing a Total Quality Management system in a culturally diversified workforce - Thesis Proposal Example The research proposal critically analyzes the problems faced by management in implementing Total Quality Management for better services and concludes on the efficient steps that top management can take (Perry & Heron, 2003). Total Quality Management (TQM) is an essential business strategy which creates and embeds awareness of quality in the institutional process of implementing its duties. It is the organization-wide management of quality and it encompasses planning, organizing, control and assurance. It is the concern of many organizations to ensure that the services they offer are of high quality to satisfy the stakeholders. Quality of products is the basis of TQM. The approach is centered on the quality as a way forward of realizing long term success through customer success (Perry & Heron, 2003). What are the effects of cultural diversity on implementation of Total Quality Management (TQM) process? What are the challenges that organizations face in implementing TQM in culturally diversified workforce? The questions of the research proposal are very paramount and interesting since the research will be driven by the questions. The questions guide the researcher especially when collecting information or data to be used in ascertaining the actual impacts of cultural diversity on organizations. The research questions will act as the framework throughout the research work. When the researcher is out in the field, he will be using the questions to know whether they are collecting the right data. On the other hand, the questions are very relevant to the management of an organization because they use them to take corrective measures. Diversity in the workplace is a common phenomenon that has both negative and positive impacts on management and implementation of different operations in an organization. Past research conducted reveals that differences between different stakeholders impact the process of

Good Practice in Handling Information Essay Example for Free

Good Practice in Handling Information Essay Promote good practice in handling information in health and social care setting Outcome 1 Understand requirements for handling information in health and social care settings 1. Identify legislation and codes of practice that relate to handling information in health and social care. OUTCOME 1 1. Identify legislation and codes of practice that relate to handling information in health and social care. All of the staff need to make sure that confidentiality is paramount. Staff have to read and understand the Data Protection Act of 1998. We have to make sure that we are clear about our standards of conduct, that we are expected to meet. We are encouraged to use the codes of conduct to maintain our own practice is good and we need to look at any area’s where we can improve on. When it comes to Medication, staff have to make sure that all stock is listed on the MAR sheet. The Human Rights Act 1998 details the right to a private life. There is also the GSCC code of practice for social care workers, which provides a clear guide for all those who work in social work, setting out the standards of practice and conduct workers and their employers should meet with regards the handling of information. There is also Caldecott standards which govern the sharing of information based on the Data protection Act. 2. Summarise the main points of legal requirements and codes of practice for handling information in health and social care. DATA PROTECTION ACT 1998 This legal document sets out eight principles which are in essence a code of good practice for processing personal data. These are * Make sure that  things are processed fairly and lawfully. * Processed only for one or more specified and lawful purpose. * Adequate, relevant and not excessive for those purposes. * Accurate and kept up to date data subjects have the right to have inaccurate personal data corrected or destroyed if the personal information is inaccurate to any matter of fact. * Kept for no longer than is necessary for the purposes it is being processed. * Processed in line with the rights of individuals this includes the right to be informed of all the information held about them, to prevent processing of their personal information for marketing purposes, and to compensation if they can prove they have been damaged by a data controllers non-compliance with the Act. * Secured against accidental loss, destruction or damage and against unauthorised or unlawful processing this applies to you even if your business uses a third party to process personal information on your behalf. * Not transferred to countries outside the European Economic Area the EU plus Norway, Iceland and Liechtenstein that do not have adequate protection for individuals personal information, unless a condition from Schedule four of the Act can be met. Question 2 – Emma’s Pointer When a new resident is admitted, then they need to have a new care plan. The care plan will show all the medication that they are currently on. If they have any allergies to anything. All personal clothing and possessions are listed. We list how much money they have, if it is over  £20.00 then we take it to the office for safety reasons. Where it is documenated for the resident. 1.2 Emma We have to always make sure that we respect confidential information and clearly explain to any angency workers about policies relating to confidnentialy to both residents and carers. 2. Emma’s pointer Smart sheet does not go up to Handout 6 !!! When maintaining records, you need to record residents : Medication and any changes to their medication Doctor’s visit’s or any other professional bodies Contact with the family Any falls that have occurred Body mapping Any illnesse’s need to be recorded Daily notes need to updated how residents have been during the day and also during the night. Emma’s pointer Question 3 Should there be an incident at work then staff need to make sure that they fill out the relevant paperwork, i.e. if there was an accident on the premises then they need to fill out the an accident form, if there are any injuries sustatained to a resident then a 24 hour observation chart needs to be started.

Bachelor Degree Required Essay -- essays research papers

Bachelor Degree Required Seeking advancement in my company seems to have the term â€Å"Bachelor Degree Required† assigned to it. Without a degree it’s not impossible to be promoted, but it’s more of an exception than the norm. At times, should the applicant have sufficient years of equivalent experience and be known by the group hiring, the requirement can be waived. With the constant change in company policies, the equivalency option may be removed. Then what am I going to do? With so many younger people entering the work place with degrees in hand, it is more and more prevalent that I complete my education. A college degree combined with several years of experience should help ensure my personal marketability. â€Å"There are more jobseekers with college degrees than there are openings for college-level jobs.† Mittelhauser, M. (1998). I must obtain my degree or see my career future greatly reduced. After all I don’t want to be caught when someone comes in and says â€Å"Out with the old and in with the new!† What are the key areas you are looking to learn and/or in which you are seeking greater competence? By the completion of my degree I want to have increased my knowledge and decision making abilities as a manager. The assignment in team learning has already given me a better understanding to the importance of â€Å"Team† in the work place. With career advancement comes the responsibility of leading, and a leader has to be able to assess the abilities of each team member. I want to know...

A Good Persuasive

A good persuasive essay topic would consist of two essential components; the capability to persuade people with your writing skills and the second is to select a persuasive essay topic, which would interest the large number of audience. One of the trickiest tasks in persuasive essay writing process is choosing a right topic. Make sure the topic you choose must be creative, original, of your interest and you have some knowledge regarding it. It must be presented in a most convincing matter. Many students fail to choose a convincing topic and therefore, they are unable to attain good marks.Utilize all the available resources in order to find a topic for your persuasive essay. You can find numerous topics from books, class lectures, Internet, magazines, newspapers, television programs and experiencing the phenomena on your own. Following are some persuasive essay topic from, which you can choose a topic of your choice: ‘ Advertisement targeting practices ‘ Internet privacy i ssues ‘ Clash of civilization ‘ Environmental issues ‘ Homosexuality ‘ Is music downloading illegal? ‘ Wealth and power ‘ Life beyond earth ‘ Women and Islam Steroid and sports ‘ Discuss the difference between the life of big city and small city ‘ Importance of games in a student's life ‘ Effects of globalization on one's life ‘ Space exploration ‘ Morality and Religion ‘ Commercials of liquor ‘Cyber stalkers ‘ Immigration Policies ‘ Religion in Schools and Colleges ‘ Nurture versus Nature ‘ Influence of media on one's life ‘ Salary caps for professional students ‘ Is human cloning right? ‘ Terrorist attack in Iraq ‘ Are beauty contests harmful? ‘ Disney films ‘ Violent movies Internet filters ‘ Plastic surgery programs ‘ Sports gambling ‘ Effects of beer commercials on elementary school children ‘ Professional athlet ic strikes ‘ Benefits of team work in an organization ‘ Criminals and Criminology ‘ Ecology of Earth ‘ Understanding Addictions ‘ Commercialization of sports Above are some persuasive essays topics that help students in choosing a topic of their interest. When selecting a topic, it is necessary to keep in mind, the topic you choose must be of your interest and you have some knowledge regarding it.

Dynamic Diversity: Variety and Variation Within Countries Essay

Hofstede developed National cultures model (hereafter ‘the model’) to unable one to understand the National culture of any country, which he assumed enduring, pervasive and constitutive. Using the Hofstede’s (1990, 2001) and Hofstede and Hofstede (2005) ‘the model’, McSweeney (2009) argued its incapability to explain the diversity within the countries. This research was aimed to provide an outline explanation of the retention of model within the organization studies and its future within that discipline. The paper unfolds the fallacious assumption taken up by the national culturist while studying the culture within nation. Various references from the literatures, anthropology, examples from countries, elements from novels, and anthropology are taken to convey the idea. Albeit the paper overview ‘the model’ falls in the discipline of anthropology, it outlines the three contexts1 where the rise of the model continues to persist. Although three possible development of the model in near future are presented, the conclusion indicates the quavering future of the ‘The model’. To an extent this research is investigative and result of this study provides an insight on the model’s weaknesses. However, some limitations should be considered in accepting the study’s finding. Brief summary McSweeney critically analysed the model, the fallacious assumptions used to draw the model. He reviewed the flaws and limitations of ‘the model’ in the field of organization studies. He begins by pointing to the fallacious assumptions used to draw the model. As the author himself acknowledge that some patterns do exists within the culture, so he wisely dismisses the oherence, pure and stable nature of the culture by appropriately picking the reviews from literatures. However, he backed up a good reasoning to explain independent effects of non-cultural features by citing an example of Ireland sport team and the sign language. He then goes on to unbundle the faulty measurement moves used to empirically describe the national culture such as Data unit, conflating level of analysis and invalid generalization. Further, he describes the model’s fall in the field of anthropology. Although he criticised hofstede framework mainly because of the faulty conception, he mentioned he presented the three contexts where the use of model is expected to persist. Limitations Hofstede’ framework (1980) has been highly criticised on methodological stance because it has been misunderstood and applied in inappropriate ways (Eckhardt, 2002). The definition of culture hofstede (1991) used is very different from other. Proper understanding of the context in which his model is being used is required to understand the model’s compatibility. The author seems to misunderstood Hofstede’s context and his definition and therefore pointed out four methodological limitations of the model. Two Out of four of his argument are well packed with sound reasoning and are valid, however the other two, conflicting level of analysis and invalid generalization does not relate to hofstede context because Hofstede (2001) himself acknowledge that his scores are indicative of the natural tendency of the entire nation rather than predictive of the individual behaviour. The same, as far as generalization is concerned, Chapman (1997) states â€Å"Hofstede’s work is used and admired at a very high level of generalization. Those who take country scores in the various dimensions as given realities, informing or confirming other research, do not typically inquire into the detail of the procedures through which specific empirical data were transmuted into generalization†¦his work became a fruitful agenda†¦a framework that is so general, so broad, so alluring, and so inviting to argument and fruitful disagreement†. Backed by the bond (2002) and Schwartz (1994), the author argues that the ‘individualism and collectivism’ has no explanatory power as they have no intercorrelations at the individual level. However, this thought seems to conflict with that of hofstede as he says that a country can score high on individualism (or collectivism) or masculinity (femininity) but it does not signify anything about on the individual level. Also, a person can subscribe to value indicated at the country level but that does not necessarily mean that an individual will act in general, in a way ascribed to the country (Eckhardt, 2002). Another flaw in the paper is the strong standpoint taken by the author against the model and in conclusion advising the abandonment of model by calling ‘hopelessly flawed’. This line of thought sometimes restricts one to think beyond the scope and find possible solutions. Culture is, no doubt, present at various level but as a first cut it is helpful to think of cultures at national level (Harvard business school). Lastly, generally the style, structure and tone of the paper guide the reader towards the author intention. The weakness of this paper is the unnecessary use of abrasive tone which sometime makes the reader doubt on the true intentions of the paper i. e. the model flaws or the hofstede. Despite few limitations in the paper, the author succeeded in digging out all minor, but significant and major flaws of the model relevant in the field of OS. Strengths The backbone of this paper is that it clearly explains that culture is present within countries and it’s constantly evolving (p936. Para3). Marriott uses the fourfold framework to expose the Indian diversity and concludes that similar fourfold model can be unravelled for other entities, which contradicts hofstede view that entity is so unique that there cannot be any reasonable and systematic basis of comparison between culture entity (Patel, 2007) McSweeney presents the nature of culture, which is not pure, unstable and non-coherent. Singh (1990a, b) and Bosland (1985) studies proposed that the possibility to have different scores on the four Hofstedian dimensions within the same country . Furthermore, the contradicting view is noticed under the GLOBE study. â€Å"Although both the GLOBE and hofstede study used the essentialist approach, they disagree on the scores attributed to different nations†(Koopman et al. ,1999). All the above studies imply that culture is not pure, non-coherent and the unity concept is flawed. Likewise, it is proved that culture is evolving. For instance, earlier it was acceptable to beat your wife, however now it’s no more acceptable and considered against law (Patel, lec 3). This changing view within the society points the dynamic nature of culture. The major flaw in the hofstede concept of culture is not his dimensions but the fact that he sees culture as ‘static’. With the growing technology and diverging world where every day new model is developing with a capability to explain the dynamic complex nature of culture (group-grid model, Globe, CT), the idea of static nature of culture will just hold the model backward. To sum up with another Strength of the paper, is McSweeney (2009) discussed a very critical topic of organization studies. He made the purpose of the article very clear and concise in the introduction without attempting to be comprehensive. He used appropriate text and evidence in order to make the concept clear to the intended audience. Conclusion In the summary, it must be admitted that the current study has merit but it is a bit far from being conclusive. Further studies must be done to improve the model by rectifying its current weaknesses or by adding more dimensions in the model. Despite some flaws in the reasoning, the study has provided a deep insight to the challenging limitations of the model and its alarming future. The culturist should take the critique as a recommendation to improve the model instead of criticism. Both stands of literature (National culturist and non-national culturist) should try to bridge the gap and should realize that the goal is to find the solution of the complexity of culture.

Looking At The Development Of Adolescence Social Work Essay Essays

Looking At The Development Of Adolescence Social Work Essay Essays Looking At The Development Of Adolescence Social Work Essay Essay Looking At The Development Of Adolescence Social Work Essay Essay Covering with issues related to the development of adolescence is a challenge for even the most mainstream of immature people. For those immature misss who identify as sapphic, the state of affairs they are traveling to confront will be more complicated than they can of all time conceive of. As members of a stigmatized minority group, immature tribades are frequently marginalized and oppressed. The supportive systems available for their heterosexual equals are frequently unwelcoming to sexual minority young persons, go forthing them without critical resources necessary for healthy mental and physical development ( T. S. Davis et Al, 2010 ) . In order to obtain appropriate mental wellness services, certain demands and jobs should be applied peculiarly to immature tribades. Different from their heterosexual female equals, immature tribades life experience is exacerbated by the normal societal universe: they are excluded, bullied and pathologised merely because of their sapphic individualities ; every bit good as sing the external and internal oppressive effects. See immature tribades are passing most of their clip at schools, the troubles they experience are largely manifested in facet of equal relationships and school societal environments. Researches analyzing the battles faced by sexual minority young persons in school scenes include, a non-accepting school environment for sexual minority young persons ( Rutter and Leech, 2006 ) , dominate antigay beliefs with victimization ( Mayberry, 2006 ) , etc. More comprehensive survey on psychological experiences of sapphic striplings at school cited that they are at higher hazard for substance maltreatment, physical and sexual maltreatment, emotional isolation, school dropout, low self-esteem, bad or self- abusive activities, and sexually familial disease ( Black, J. , A ; Underwood, J. 1998 ) . Furthermore, homophobic experiences lead to hapless school public presentation and contribute significantly to mental wellness jobs, substance maltreatment, legal struggles and run-away behaviour ( Remafedi, 1987 ) . From the facet of psychological development, adolescence is a clip of physiological revolution for the adolescent ( Erikson, 1968 ) . Searching for her ain personal individuality, a teenage miss is at her important developmental phase of individuality versus function confusion crisis. Essential elements that contribute to sweetening of the adolescent psychological wellbeing during this phase of development involve friendly relationships, societal experiences and important others. Hetrick and Martin ( 1987 ) stated from their survey that tantrum in with their equals and derive equal blessing frequently becomes an all-consuming undertaking. Positive societal interaction among pupils in the school environment normally leads healthy psychosocial development in striplings. Undeniable, sapphic striplings are confronting the same developmental undertakings and crises that all young persons face. However, their developmental procedures are immensely complicated by homophobic, oppressive, sch ool environments ( Deisher, 1989 ) . Many increased stressors suffered by sexual minority young persons are finally tied to psychological hurt ( D Augelli, Pilkington, A ; Hershberger, 2002 ; Elze, 2005 ) . A turning sum of researches emphrasize the pressing mental wellness demands in sexual minority population, particularly for adolescents ( Davis, T. , 2010 ; Swann, S. , 2004 ; May, B. , 2010, etc ) . Major grounds for seeking mental wellness service among immature tribades are depression, relationship issues, and emphasis, anxiousness every bit good as aid to cover with being homosexual ( Roberts. S, 2004 ) . Studies researching the grounds behind noted that the secrecy about being a sapphic, covering with sexual individuality, self-stigma, and being a member of a stigmatized group lead to anxiousness and depression. These grounds were peculiarly true for striplings ( Paroski, 1987 ) . Furthermore, Cochran ( 2001 ) found that, gay work forces and tribades are at a greater lif e-time hazard for major depression and self-destruction, particularly during adolescence. Although mental wellness issues as such, are normally shared by sexual minority people around the universe, there are other issues refering certain cultural contexts should non be ignored. Chinese Background There is a little but respectable size of literature about mental wellness of Asiatic tribades and gay work forces much less is about lives of Asiatic tribades. Harmonizing to these limited surveies, Chinese tribades are sing greater troubles, compared with their Western opposite numbers. ( Harada, 2001 ; Jones, 2007 ; Poon A ; Ho, 2008 ; Wong A ; Tang, 2004 ) . In Chinese societies, there are norms that are characterized by deeply deep-rooted cultural attitudes which against same-sex attractive force, particularly for females. Harmonizing to Confucian impressions, a girl is expected to obtain her individuality from relationships with work forces, executing familial functions, get marrieding to a adult male and giving birth to kids. As for tribades, it is non possible for them to follow the duties. They are traveling to populate wholly different manner of lives, and trim attempts toward self credence, ego development and ego fulfilling. However, the procedure is frequently painful. With those cultural constructs, immature tribades will meet multi- stressors, e.g. , internalized heterosexism, self-stigma, societal and psychological isolation, etc ( Pizza Ka-Yee Chow, 2010 ) . Among them, the manifestations of self-aware emotions ( e.g. , shame, guilt ) differ markedly between individualistic and collectivized civilizations, which farther indi cate the of import of analyzing issues of tribades in Chinese civilization background. ( Eid A ; Diener, 2001 ; Kitayama, Markus, A ; Matrumoto, 1995 ) . Shame experience, in comparing with Western civilizations, is more omnipresent within Chinese civilization. Furthermore, distinguished from individualists who recognize themselves to be alone and independent leftists tend to see their egos as interrelated and mutualist with each other ( Markus A ; Kitayama, 1991 ) . Collectivists are more likely influenced by people who are close to them instead than those are more distant in relationship. Hence, in Chinese societies, it is much harder for immature tribades to place themselves without sentiments of their important others, most notably, parents. This leads to another related experience among tribades societal and psychological isolation, which worsen their state of affairs during phase of adolescent psychological development. Many western researches analyzing issues related to mental wellness services and their clinical usage within immature tribades have been conducted in the past two decennaries, supplying valuable and impactful inspirations for service planning in the hereafter. Roberts. S, et Al ( 2004 ) explored issues related to mental wellness jobs and usage of services of tribades, followed the Boston Health Project II, emphrasizing that resources for sapphic striplings are of particular concern as they are a alone high hazard population. Feasible suggestions for service planning were discussed in this survey, a ) easy accessible mental wellness services in communities, B ) community bureaus such as infirmaries, clinics, churches, YMCAs and other young person groups for self-exploration, support and protagonism, etc, degree Celsius ) school-based mental wellness services. Another most recent survey conducted by Tamara. S. Davis and Susan Saltzburg ( 2010 ) was utilizing the theoretical account of construct function to measure community demands of sexual minority young persons for service planning. Types of supports, every bit good as dominant countries for service planning that most run into the demands of this mark population were successfully generated from conceptual function. Mental wellness related supports, such as supplying them resources and/or entree to mental wellness professionals through formal curative intercession or more informal professionally led support groups, were strongly recommended so that they have opportunities to confide and speak about the many emotions and beliefs that envelop their coming-out procedure. After old ages of protagonism, homosexualism was decriminalized in 1997 in Mainland China. In 2001, homosexualism was eliminated as a diagnostic class in The Criterion of Psychopathic Classification and Diagnosing issued in China. Laging far behind many Western states, nevertheless, the whole Chinese society has been striding frontward to contending for equal societal and legal rights. Among the Chinese communities, Taiwan is seen to be at the head of the development of Tongzhi ( Homosexuality in Chinese ) civilization, Mainland China is new to the motion, and Hong Kong is someplace mediate ( Perspex, 2006 ) . Refering certain historical background, the cultural prejudice against same-sex orientation is believed to be stronger in Mainland China than in the other two societies. In Mainland China, comparison to gay civilization, sapphic ( or Lala in the local linguistic communication ) civilization in mainland China attracts less public attending and still seems unseeable, although it is widely studied in the field of literature ( Yaya, C. , A ; Yiqing, C. 2006 ) . Under enormous external and internal emphasis from the mainstream society, Lalas are at a disadvantage to do a voice in public, allow entirely for those adolescent Lalas. As a consequence, there was one channel, through which they found it a perfect topographic point to be supported, understood and protected from their Tongzhi equals, that is the Internet. Respectable findings from a recent survey conducted by Yaya, C and Yiqing, C ( 2006 ) showed that, sapphic organisations were foremost formed as Internet Communities with the development of the Internet. The first sapphic meeting in populace was held in Beijing in 1997. Since so, more assisting services initiated by fervent sapphic militants have been built up for the sweetening of the wellbeing of Lalas in Mainland China, such as the Purple Phoenix Organization ( by Xiaoxian in 1997 ) , the Beijing Sisters Organization ( 1998 ) with its Telephone Hotline and The Sky Magazine, the Tongyu Group ( by Xiaoxian, 2005 ) and the Shanghai Lesbians ( 2005 ) , etc. Lalas in Mainland China have become progressively seeable, first in chat-rooms and bulletin boards on the Internet, later in some homosexual or assorted bars, and more late in societal assemblages organized by sapphic groups in many large metropoliss, such as Shanghai, Guangzhou, Chengdu, etc, across the state, yet the internet continues to be the most popular meeting topographic point for Lalas in the state ( Kam. L, 2007 ) .There are many celebrated sapphic web sites with big rank, wheras, none of them has a great influence on the big society ( Yaya, C. , A ; Yiqing, C. 2006 ) . Lesbians in Mainland China experience great troubles in whether edifice organisations or running Internet Communities for missing of supports and understanding. As a consequence, many of them are confronting fiscal jobs so that they have to be aborted ( Xian, 2006 ) . Mental wellness demands for tribades Large sum of surveies showed that there s a high proportion of use of mental wellness services among tribades. They are high users of mental wellness services across decennaries ( 80 % in BLHP I vs. 84 % in BLHP II ) ( Sorensen A ; Roberts, 1997 ) . Records of comparative researches show lower rates of therapy use among heterosexual adult females than among tribades ( Cochran A ; Mays, 2000 ; Hughes et al. , 1997 ; Matthews et al. , 2002 ) . These findings give great support to the hypothesis that sapphic civilization promotes the usage of mental wellness professionals ( Morgan. K A ; Eliason. M, 1992 ) , and they are in great demand of accessible and feasible mental wellness services. Furthermore, tribades are more comfy with female, particularly sapphic mental wellness practicians ( Sorensen A ; Roberts, 1997 ) . It is likely that lesbians experience less fearful about unwraping their gender and being viewed every bit pathological as in curative relationship with a female and/o r sapphic. Particularly, refering stripling tribades, who are at their important phase in the development of self-identity ( Erikson, 1959 ) , they are in great demand for mental wellness services, peculiarly in community, school and household scenes ( Rutter and Leech, 2006 ) . In this period, immature tribades are to see tremendous force per unit area from equals, parents and the media to conform to the norm , they will frequently experience unsupported, entirely and burdened. Therefore, as mental wellness professionals, it is pressing to put up a community-based mental wellness service sensitive to the demands of immature tribades to back up them at the most vulnerable clip. Merely in this manner, can they avoid or cut down their troubles associated with many jobs. No affair in what form the sapphic communities are in current Mainland China, their mark service population is either Tongzhis ( both tribades and homosexuals ) , or Lalas or homosexuals individually. There is no more service proviso specifically concentrate on certain different age groups, e.g. stripling tribades, middle aged tribades, etc. It is likely due to the immature and short history of the development of sapphic civilization in China. Furthermore, all the sapphic communities were folk communities, they were organized and built up by sapphic militants who were by and large knowing immature adult females, largely university pupils, alumnuss, etc. Purposes of these organisations including, supply sapphic information and psychological science tutelage for the corresponding group, form treatment about Chinese tribades, strive for more public benefits, and some besides promulgate sapphic cognition on campus, etc. Nevertheless, none of these communities has professional background to truly supply dependable and important cognition, allow entirely mental wellness service to tribades who are truly in demand. They portion common disadvantages as deficiency of relevant experience, every bit good as sufficient and functioning organisation. Therefore, most communities are ephemeral and with small influence among sapphic population, allow entirely the full populace. Target population: immature tribades, chiefly high school pupils, aged from 15- 18 old ages old, who are confused about their ain sexual orientation or holding troubles in developing sexual individuality. Organization composing: Renowned, important and professional Chinese sexologists, sociologists and psychologists, Professional and experienced psychological counsellors and registered societal workers work for adolescence, Lesbian militants and authors, High school instructors from chief metropoliss in Mainland China ( in which Tongzhi civilization is vivacious for tribades and homosexuals, such as Shanghai, Chengdu, Guangzhou, Beijing, etc. ) , Who, Are active in naming for greater apprehension, tolerance for nonconventional sexual attitudes and determinations in China Care about the sweetening of psychological wellbeing of immature tribades in Mainland China Mission: Promote tolerance and apprehension of sexual diverseness in school scenes Bring together the positions of mental wellness practicians, research workers and militants refering to issues of psychological development of stripling tribades. Offer important and dependable information, cognition sing sapphic psychological science Provide professional mental wellness services for immature tribades Enhance psychological wellbeing of immature tribades Influence and promote other bureaus, and parents, to develop their cognition and supply appropriate support to immature tribades. Main responsibilities Conduct probe among general adolescence population and research into the current state of affairs and psychological demands of immature tribades. The intent is to construct up a valuable information base of immature tribades in Mainland China for future mention and surveies. Give preparations to mental wellness professionals. high school instructors included, about issues of gender and sexual orientation. Specific focal point on cognition of the spectrum of human gender and sexual orientation, and on attitudes towards people who are non heterosexual is extremely valued. ( King. M A ; Bartlett. A, 1999 ; MacEwan. I, 1994 ) . High school instructor who are actively in fall ining the organisation will be regarded as the most direct and efficient advocate in supplying mental wellness service in school scenes. Display public service advertisement postings and booklets in topographic points that are available in chosen metropoliss. Set up a web site. Aimed at turn toing the importance of mental wellness of immature tribades every bit good as increasing promotion of the organisation. Arduous as can be imagined, this attempt can merely be made with indorsement and support from the authorities. We assume that those celebrated and important members in the organisation will do it easier to implementing this program. Supply correspondence or e-mail guidance, telephone guidance for immature tribades. Refering immature tribades will do contact by either missive, electronic mail or telephone in response to reading about the Organization on postings, booklets or web site, mental wellness practicians in the Organization are to offer service to those respondents. Help immature tribades to derive peer support. Though the web site, the Organization can ease immature tribades to do contact and correspond with each other to derive more understanding and support and portion their experiences. All publications built by Organization are non sole for heterosexual stripling. This population can besides read and larn more about the positive and comprehensive cognition of sexual orientation and individuality. Upon understanding, immature tribades are more likely to derive the support from their heterosexual striplings which is deemed to be more of import than the support from their sapphic equals ( Slater, 1998 ) . Restrictions

How is the SAT different from a high school test

How is the SAT different from a high school test SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Obviously, the main differences between the SAT and the classroom test is that the SAT is much longer and much more important. In order to understand the more subtle differences between high school assessment and the SAT, we’re going to look at the inherent differences between theclassroom and the SAT test room. The Classroom The test maker: The person who makes your test is the person responsible for teaching and assigning all the material covered in the class. If the teacher is concerned about students listening, he or she might include questions specifically from lectures. Likewise, if the reading is especially challenging, a test might include a question from some of the harder parts that will stump many students. The bottom line, however, is that the teacher is in complete control of the coursework, the classroom, making the test and scoring it. The test length: Most class periods are an hour long, and many students’ attention spans are much shorter. Thus, the high school test tends to be an hour long or less, and this makes it much easier than the SAT. The test content: This is where the high school test differs most greatly from any standardized test. The high school teacher is in total control of both the curriculum and the test, as well as answering students’ questions about gaps between the two after grading. This centralized control allows for any mistakes to be corrected after the test is given, as well as for the material to coincide perfectly with what’s been taught. The SAT The test maker: The authors of the SAT have the huge job of trying to summarize all necessary college skills and content in a 4-hour test. More limiting, though, is the need for the test to remain as fair and consistent as possible. So while a teacher can just omit questions that weren’t covered in class, the SAT must ask about the exact same skills in every test until it announces a redesign that will give all students a fair chance at mastering the new test. The test length: The SAT is trying to test every aspect of academic college readiness, so it’s a long test. Duh. Even with breaks, sitting at a desk for that long is difficult and stressful for most students. Fortunately, practice can help with this discomfort as well as running out of time on specific sections, but the length remains an obstacle for many on the SAT. The test content: The SAT claims to test a stable set of skills and content that indicate students’ readiness for college academics. This means that the same types of questions show up year after year, testing the same material, regardless of the progress made by individual classes, schools, districts, counties, or even states. If your state’s overall grades and statewide testing scores drop one year, the SAT will be the same. This creates gaps in knowledge for many students, especially at schools in low-income districts, where limited resources make effective learning for every student especially difficult. The Biggest Difference: Format and Preparation The content challenge has also led the SAT to a quite odd question format, in an attempt to eliminate any possible technicalities that might make the test unfair. At PrepScholar, our hundreds of hours of examining the test has made clear very specific standards that the SAT always follows to be completely precise and correct every time, from using the word â€Å"mostly† and â€Å"primarily† a lot to including complex instructions at the start of every section. Thus, while your teacher can explain his or her test questions’ format (and they are unlikely to change over the tests you take in the course), in the SAT you’ve got one chance, and they have to cram all that extra info into the test itself. And if you’ve got questions about it on test day, tough luck. If you found this article useful, please consider joining our email list at right. Your information will never be shared or sold. Have friends who also need help with test prep? Share this article! Tweet Laura Registrato About the Author Laura has over a decade of teaching experience at leading universities and scored a perfect score on the SAT. Get Free Guides to Boost Your SAT/ACT Get FREE EXCLUSIVE insider tips on how to ACE THE SAT/ACT. 100% Privacy. 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Cs related essay Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Cs related essay - Coursework Example On the other hand, supporters claim that outsourcing brings down prices giving economic advantages to all. Outsourcing entails hiring overseas freelancers or companies, situated anywhere around the globe, to perform tasks an employee, entrepreneur, or CEO would generally do him/herself or assign to employees of the company. ODesk, Freelancer, and Elance are outsourcing avenues, where providers, from every part of the world, offer their services online (Osnowitz 9). Ethical outsourcing is a key to its lasting success. Customers prefer to buy from trustworthy companies, who make their business deals transparent as well as treat their workers with integrity. When a company gets outsourced, the individuals who are removed from the main company have to shift the knowledge to the new workers who come to the board. In few cases, it does not suit the full requirements (Sheldon 48). There might be a gap in communication when an individual transfers their knowledge to the third party. One may lack interest to coach the third party individual, but he/she is forced to do it. In such a case communication honesty as well as doing the correct duties makes the interest of ethical issues since this is against the Freedom of Speech. There is language as well as cultural barriers when communicating with the abroad workers. The overseas employees communicate in broken as well as inexplicable English with Americans. As a result, the corporations have to concession on the product quality. Indirectly one sees, now days due to job outsourcing in a peek, abroad workers are excellent in communication as well as very gifted (Sheldon 51). They can effortlessly comprehend the state of affairs and end up with good thoughts, offer the quality, and safety of the product. Customers benefit from the product of the result. From a Utilitarian point of view, outsourcing is good because there is no requirement to compromise the safety and quality of the product. The